Modelización de la Estimulación Eléctrica Neuromuscular mediante un enfoque fisiológico y de caja negra
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riai.2015.09.012Palabras clave:
modelos, identificación, estimulación, electrodos, controlResumen
En el presente artículo se expone el diseño y validación de dos modelos de Estimulación Eléctrica Neuromuscular (E.E.N.M.) para la relación entre parámetros de estimulación y características biomecánicas, siendo cada uno de ellos representativo de dos enfoques diferentes. Uno de ellos fisiológico simplificado, mientras que el otro es un modelo de caja negra basado en red neuronal, por lo que no incluye información sobre las características internas del sistema. En este artículo se exponen las características de cada uno, se describe el equipamiento utilizado y los experimentos para su identificación. Ambos modelos han sido identificados y validados en cinco sujetos sanos. El modelo fisiológico, a pesar de numerosas limitaciones encontradas, ha permitido el estudio en profundidad de los procesos internos y de la multitud de factores que involucran la activación muscular. El modelo en red neuronal, en cambio, presenta una buena precisión pero no proporciona conocimiento sobre los aspectos internos del sistema. Por ello, para una aplicación de control en la que sólo interesen las entradas y salidas del sistema, el modelo de caja negra es la mejor opción. Por otro lado, si se desea tener acceso a las variables internas del sistema neuromuscular bajo E.EN.M., es necesario realizar un análisis exhaustivo para la posterior mejora de las prestaciones del modelo fisiológico aquí presentado.Descargas
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